Лечение рака горла в Израиле

Throat cancer is a disease caused by the presence of a malignant tumor that forms in one of the following anatomical departments: pharynx, larynx, or in the tonsillar region (in the tonsil region). Treatment of throat cancer in Israel is planned individually, and in a private clinic, Herzliya Medical Center, specialists in various fields take part in the preparation of the treatment plan: otolaryngologists, surgeons, oncologists, radiologists. A multidisciplinary approach significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment and contributes to successful rehabilitation.

Types of Throat Cancer

Throat cancer develops in the upper digestive system or respiratory tract. A malignant tumor affects one of the internal organs located in the neck, spreading further to nearby tissues and anatomical structures. The following types of throat cancer are distinguished depending on the location of the primary focus:

• Nasopharyngeal cancer;
• Cancer of the oropharynx, root of the tongue and tonsils;
• Cancer of the larynxopharynx (lower part of the pharynx located at the site of its connection with the larynx);
• Cancer of the vocal cords located in the larynx;
• Cancer of the ligamentous region (upper larynx);
• Cancer of the ligamentous region (lower larynx).

Symptoms of Throat Cancer

The clinical manifestations of throat cancer are determined by the exact location of the tumor. These may include:

• Cough;
• Change of tone of voice;
• Difficulty swallowing
• Earache;
• Seal in the neck;
• Sore throat.

Diagnosis of throat cancer

Early diagnosis of throat cancer and the rapid start of treatment can significantly reduce mortality and the likelihood of relapse. Patients with chronic cough, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing are advised to consult an otolaryngologist immediately.
Diagnosis of throat cancer is based on:

• Laryngoscopy and fibrolaryngoscopy — examination of all departments of the pharynx and larynx, including the vocal cords, using a flexible optical device;
• Tumor biopsies — sampling a small sample of tumor tissue and its histological analysis;
• Instrumental checks — radiography , computed tomography, magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography. These studies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine the stage of cancer (tumor size, its infiltration into adjacent organs, the presence of metastasis).

Throat Cancer Treatment in Israel

The treatment for throat cancer in Israel is usually combined. It includes surgical intervention, the scale of which depends on the stage of the disease, and conservative measures.

• With superficial tumors of small diameter, endoscopic or laser surgery is performed to resect the tumor.
• With larger neoplasms, a partial resection of the larynx is performed with reconstruction of the airways to restore their patency or laryngectomy (removal of the larynx).
• In the absence of the possibility of reconstruction of the respiratory tract, a tracheostomy is applied.

Patients who have undergone radical removal of the larynx lose their ability to sound pronunciation and need further speech rehabilitation or implantation of a vocal prosthesis. The operation may be accompanied by dissection of the cervical lymph nodes if malignant cells are found in them.
One effective treatment for throat cancer in Israel is radiotherapy . With small tumors, it can be used as an independent treatment method, as an alternative to surgery. In the late stages of laryngeal cancer, preliminary radiotherapy can reduce the size of the tumor in order to further radically remove it. After surgery, radiotherapy can be combined with chemotherapy and is prescribed to affect the residual tissue of the primary tumor or its metastases.
In a number of cases, patients with throat cancer are shown targeted (targeted) therapy — treatment of cancer in Israel with  drugs that recognize specific factors of malignant cells. Targeted drugs irreversibly disrupt the vital functions of cancer cells and cause the tumor to stop growing. For treatment in Israel, the targeted drug cetuximab (Erbitux) is used.
After surgery, most patients need long-term rehabilitation to restore speech, swallowing skills, and the ability to take liquid and solid foods. In the leading private clinic of Herzliya Medical Center, patients can undergo a course of rehabilitation therapy, including specialist consultations and practical exercises. With a complete loss of speech ability after radical removal of the larynx, alternative speech techniques or the selection of a vocal prosthesis are trained.